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Biochemistry II Worksheet

Carbohydrates

 

1.  What are the functions of carbohydrates in the cell?

 

 

2. Describe the following molecules

 

Monosaccharide

 

Disaccharide

 

Polysacharide

 

Oligosaccharide

 

3. What is the molecular formula for glucose?  What sugars are isomers of glucose?

 

 

 

4. What is the difference between alpha and beta glucose?

 

 

 

 

5. Explain the difference between an alpha glycosidic linkage and a beta glycosidic linkage?

 

 

 

 

6. What is starch?  What is the difference between glycogen and amylose?

 

 

 

 

 

   7. What is the importance of cellulose?  Why can’t human beings digest or hydrolyze cellulose?

 

 

 

 

 

  1. What is an amino sugar?
  2. What is a sugar – phosphate?
  3. What is chitin?  What organisms have a chitinous structure?

 

 

 

Lipids.

 

  1. What are the functions of lipids in the body?( page 50)

 

 

 

 

 

  1. Compare the structure of an unsaturated and saturated fatty acid( palmitic and linoleic)

 

 

 

 

  1. Why are the kinks in a fatty acid important?  How do they affect its state?

 

 

 

 

  1. What is a triglyceride?

 

 

 

 

  1. What are phospholipids?  Where are they found in cells?

 

 

 

 

  1. What is a carotenoid?  How are carotenoids related to vitamin A?

 

 

 

 

  1. What are steroids?  Describe some steroid molecules? 

 

 

 

 

 

  1. The ring structure of all steroids in the same.  Draw it.

 

  1. What are the functions of the following vitamins?

 

A

 

K

 

D

 

E

 

Nucleic Acids

 

  1. What is a nucleotide?

 

 

 

 

  1. What are the purines?

 

 

 

 

  1. What are the pyrimidines?

 

 

 

 

  1. What is complementary base pairing?

 

 

 

 

  1. Why is RNA now the focus of so much research?